While there are no specific legal restrictions on civilians purchasing riot shields, it should be noted that shields cannot be used as an offensive weapon. Many law enforcement officers have faced legal consequences for using riot shields as weapons during unlawful public assemblies.
In most cases, it is legal for members of the public to purchase and own riot shields for self-defense and home protection in the United States, Canada, Australia, and the United Kingdom. However, all these countries strictly prohibit using them as offensive weapons, impersonating law enforcement officers, or employing them for threats and intimidation. Specific laws vary by region: certain U.S. states (such as New York and Kansas) impose additional restrictions; some Canadian provinces have requirements regarding the identity of ballistic shield buyers; Australia and the emphasize that riot shields may only be used for defensive purposes and must not be carried during unlawful assemblies.

Overall, legal use must comply with local regulations and avoid any actions that could escalate conflicts or violate the law.